Olden goldies: Cybernetic forests 1967

Richard Brautigan was an American author and poet who, in 1967’s Summer of Love in San Francisco, published ‘All Watched Over by Machines of Loving Grace’, wishing for a future in which computers could save humans from drudgery, (such as performing statistical operations by hand?)

Apart from the perkier PDP ‘mini-computers’, computers of Brautigan’s day were hulking behemoths with more brawn than brain, and a scary dark side, as seen through HAL in 1968’s ‘2001: The Space Odyssey’.

Brautigan’s poem applied sweet 1960’s kandy-green hues to these cold & clanging monsters, just a few years away from friendly little Apple and other micro’s of the 70’s & 80’s. Now we are all linked on the web, and if we get tired of that we can talk to the electronic aide and confidante Siri, developed at Menlo Park, California – not too far away in space, if not time, from where Brautigan wrote.

We can get a glimpse of a ‘rosy’ future in the even friendlier electronic personality operating system of Spike Jonze’s new movie ‘Her’.

In his BBC documentaries of 2011, named after Brautigan’s poem, filmmaker Adam Curtis argues that computers have not liberated humanity much, if at all.

Yet there is still something about Richard Brautigan’s original 1967 poem, something still worth wishing for!

All three verses, further information and audio of Mr Brautigan reading his poem can be found at

http://www.brautigan.net/machines.html

CSIRAC, a real-life Australian digital dinosaur, that stomped the earth from 1949 to 1964, and is the only intact but dormant (hopefully!) first generation computer left anywhere in the world, can be viewed on the lower ground floor of the Melbourne Museum.

(and yes, this computer was used for statistical analyses, as well as other activities, such as composing electronic music)

http://museumvictoria.com.au/csirac/

Electric Stats: PSPP and SPSS

Most people use computer stats packages if they want to perform statistical or data analysis. One of the most popular packages, particularly in psychology and physiotherapy, is SPSS, now known as IBM SPSS. Although there is room for growth in some areas such as ‘robust regression’ (regression for handling data that may not follow the usual assumptions), IBM SPSS has many jazzy features / options such as decision trees and neural nets and Monte Carlo simulation, as well as all the old faves like ANOVA, t-tests and chi-square.

I love SPSS and have been using it since 1981, back when SPSS analyses had to be submitted to run after 11 pm (23:00) so as not to hog the ‘mainframe’ computer resources. Alas, as with Minitab, SAS and Stata and others, SPSS can be expensive if you’re not a student or academic. An open source alternative that is free as in sarsparilla and free as in speech, is GNU PSPP, which has nothing whatsoever to do with IBM or the former SPSS Inc.

PSPP has a syntax or command line / program interface for old school users such as myself, *and* a snazzy GUI or Graphic User Interface. Currently, it doesn’t have all the features that 1981 SPSS had (e.g. ‘two-way ANOVA’), let alone the more recent features, although it does have logistic regression for binary outcomes such as depressed / non depressed. PSPP is easy to use (easier than open source R and perhaps even R Commander, although nowhere near as powerful).

PSPP can handle most basic analyses, and is great for starters and those using a computer at a worksite etc where SPSS is not installed, but need to run basic analyses or test syntax. The PSPP team is to be congratulated!

http://www.gnu.org/software/pspp/   free, open-source PSPP

http://www-01.ibm.com/software/analytics/spss/  IBM SPSS

(students and academics can obtain less expensive versions of IBM SPSS from http://onthehub.com)